Simulation Test and Research on Strain of Locked Bolt Heads of Automatic Weapons

YUAN Dawei; JIA Fei; XIE Guanghua; XU Peng

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.01.005

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Equipment Environmental Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1) : 33-39. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.01.005

Weapons Equipment

Simulation Test and Research on Strain of Locked Bolt Heads of Automatic Weapons

YUAN Dawei^1,2, JIA Fei¹, XIE Guanghua¹, XU Peng³

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Abstract

The work aims to address the issues of the invisible locking process of automatic weapons and the intense motion during the opening and locking processes, which makes it difficult to test the stress and strain of the locking mechanism, and to understand the mechanical characteristics of the working state of the locking teeth. A combined approach of simulation and experiments was adopted. Firstly, a simulation test of the automatic weapon's locking state was conducted to obtain the strain curves of four locking teeth, achieving the strain test of the side wall of the locking teeth on the locked bolt head of the automatic weapon. Then, through finite element simulation, a comparison was made to mutually verify the validity of the results. The research results showed that the force conditions at positions C4 and C5 were harsh, with large compressive strain. Positions C1 and C2 were closer to the tooth root and presented tensile strain. Positions C3 and C5 were not in the locking tooth engagement position, and the strain values were close to 0. Combining simulation can more comprehensively observe the stress and strain at all positions of the bolt head, forming a virtual-real integrated simulation design method. It can better analyze and predict the deficiencies in the design of the bolt head, effectively avoid problems such as insufficient strength leading to failure and fracture, and strongly support the design of automatic weapons.

Key words

firearms / bolt head / strain / simulation / locking / simulation test

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YUAN Dawei, JIA Fei, XIE Guanghua, XU Peng. Simulation Test and Research on Strain of Locked Bolt Heads of Automatic Weapons[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(1): 33-39 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.01.005

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